Do you know about - Atrial Fibrillation, Anatomy, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Animation
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How is Atrial Fibrillation, Anatomy, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Animation
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This video does not belong to me and I do not hold a copyright for it. This Video belongs to MedlinePlus. Twitter: twitter.com Atrial Fibrillation is the most common Cardiac Arrhythmia. It may not cause any symptoms but it's often associated with: · Palpitation · Fainting · Chest pain · Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) · In some other cases its caused by otherwise Idiopathic or benign Condition. As most cases of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) are secondary to other medical problems. The presence of pain or Angina, symptoms of HYPER-thyroidisim which is due to overworking Thyroid gland such as heat intolerance, Diarrhea, weight loss, and symptoms suggestive of Lung disease such as COPD would indicate an underlying cause. Also a history of Hypertension, heart failure, Stroke & Rheumatic fever, may also indicate whether someone with Atrial Fibrillation is at higher risk of complications. In Atrial Fibrillation, the regular (normal) electrical impulses generated with SA node are overcome by disorganized Electrical impulses that usually originate in the roots of the pulmonary veins, therefor leading to Irregular impulses to the ventricles. EKG: Chaotic and erratic baseline (irregularly irregular) with No discrete P waves & irregularly spaced QRS complexes can be seen due to Irregularly irregular, Rapid (350-600/min) impulses from multiple atrial foci depolarize the atria. Atrial Fibrillation is associated with Right or Left atrial enlargement. Atrial contraction is ineffective ...
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Do you know about - Ramona Seidel, MD: Asking Questions Empowers Patients
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How is Ramona Seidel, MD: Asking Questions Empowers Patients
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A simple question, such as "Is it okay to take this over-the-counter medicine?" can save your life, says this doctor. Video also at: www.ahrq.gov
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Treatment For Afib - Atrial Fibrillation treatment.
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Have you ever felt your heart pounding without any reason? How about unusual throbbing in your neck accompanied by palpitations and rapid pulse? Or being awoken in the dead of the night with your heart racing like horses? If your heart's sending these abnormal cues, you must not delay setting an appointment with your healthcare provider. Perhaps, you are experiencing Atrial Fibrillation.
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How is Atrial Fibrillation treatment
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This cardiac disorder is the most coarse heart rhythm disorder diagnosed by doctors every day. The irregular heart rhythm results from the disorganized impulse conduction within the heart's electrical system. Without prompt and accepted Atrial Fibrillation Treatment,this abnormal heart health may lead to stroke.
Currently, there are over 2.2 million Americans suffering from this heart health and still millions who may not feel any symptom at all. The sheer estimate of diagnosed cases actually makes it a major social health concern today. But what makes it even more alarming is the fact that Atrial Fibrillation medicine is relatively expensive.
Generally, the disease can either be an acute or a lasting condition. The acute form may be a ensue of surgery, alcohol intake, metabolic disorders, heart attack or lung disease. It can also be caused by long-term conditions such as diabetes, heart failure, high blood pressure and obesity.
In order to normalize these erratic heart contractions, allowable Atrial Fibrillation medicine must be employed. There are actually separate approaches that can be done with regards to reverting heart rhythm. Basically, healthcare practitioners will propose the best medicine selection depending on the full, health of the client, as well as, either it is lasting or occasional.
The first level of medicine is often achieved straight through medication therapy. These cardiac drugs, called antiarrhythmic agents, control the heart rate and heart rhythm. Their chemical combination tames the electrical impulses generated within the heart. Although the majority of patients riposte to medication regimen, there are stubborn cases where medication tends to be ineffective. In such cases, more aggressive Atrial Fibrillation medicine approaches may be necessary. Industrialized treatments consist of cardioversion, ablation therapy, and heart surgeries, either minimally-invasive or open-heart procedure. Without these treatments, the possibility of stroke or death increases tremendously.
Finally, give your heart a favor by living a salutary life. Be more active. Select salutary foods and keep away from stress. Verbalize your sure outlook in life and enjoy every day. A happy and content heart is the incommunicable in warding off cardiac disorders.
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How is Atrial Fibrillation Pt 1
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Arrythmia is a fast heart beat. Atrial Fibrillation is the most common in the world affecting 3-4 million people, 250,00-350000 annually. Medical conditions such as coronary artery disease, prior heart attack, high blood pressure, diabetes, chronic heart failure, and age are all contributing causes. The ablation procedure and treatment is discussed in this video.
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Causes Of Afib - Treatment Options for Arrhythmia.
Do you know about - Treatment Options for Arrhythmia
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How is Treatment Options for Arrhythmia
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Arrhythmia's can cause your heart to beat to fast or too slow. Ohio State's Heart and Vascular Center offers a variety of treatment options for this condition. Watch to learn more about our treatment options from Dr. Charles Love and Dr. Emile Daoud and to hear from one of our patients, Dr. Michael Flamm.
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Causes Of Afib - Riverside Methodist Hospital's New Heart Arrhythmia Treatment.
Do you know about - Riverside Methodist Hospital's New Heart Arrhythmia Treatment
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How is Riverside Methodist Hospital's New Heart Arrhythmia Treatment
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Riverside Methodist Hospitals recently became one of the first medical centers in the United States to obtain new technology to treat one type of atrial fibrillation, a serious heart rhythm disorder that affects about three million Americans. The catheter-based technique uses the first approved cryoballoon to safely and effectively freeze and isolate the cardiac tissue responsible for the initiation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), with the goal of eliminating the rhythm disorder at its source. "This is an exciting innovation that provides us with a more efficient approach over existing methods to correct this problem in patients who do not respond to medication," said Dr. Gregory A. Kidwell, MD, a cardiac electrophysiologist at Riverside and Dublin Methodist Hospital. "With this technology, we can more easily restore the heart's natural rhythm and return patients to normal activities soon after treatment." Atrial fibrillation is characterized by irregular and often rapid rhythms in the upper heart chambers (atria), resulting in typical symptoms of palpitation, breathlessness and fatigue. If left untreated, atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke and heart failure. PAF is a type of atrial fibrillation that stops and starts on its own. However, the arrhythmia can transition into more persistent or permanent forms - particularly if not managed properly. The new catheter ablation procedure at Riverside Methodist prevents unwanted electrical currents from ...
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Causes Of Afib - Atrial Fibrillation: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment.
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Atrial fibrillation refers to that heart condition in which the heart beats irregularly. Although atrial fibrillation itself usually isn't life-threatening, it is a medical emergency. It can lead to serious complications.
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How is Atrial Fibrillation: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
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Such heart beats are caused due to erratic impulses of this organ. Although this irregularity may develop as a commonality, for others it's just a rare occurrence. There are many kinds of patterns of this disease. It just does not happen the same way in all the people. In some cases, the patient also feels giddy due to this disease. The main people who are affected by this ailment have crossed 50 years of their lives.
This disease affects a large number of people. The vulnerability increases as we get old. It can also become higher as we become past 60 in age. It's not true that this disease necessarily implies serious issues. Even an overactive thyroid gland is a common cause of this disease. So, people who have such thyroid gland issues should get themselves checked up. Some people who are born with a heart valve problem can also contract this disease. Such heart ailment can also happen with age when the heart valves calcify.
Even accumulation of fatty material inside the arteries of a person can also cause this disease. Such deposits cause the arteries to choke which can cause irregular contractions. There are many reasons for this ailment to occurs. The most prominent is when a person has undergone open heart surgery. Sometimes, people who drink alcohol can get atrial fibrillation irregularly. These people should avoid drinking alcohol which acts as a trigger. The disease can also be triggered by caffeine. Most of the people who are getting such irregular impulses from the heart can suffer from palpitations. They also get the feeling of dizziness. Some people also don't get any kind of symptoms although they suffer from atrial fibrillation.
Others can feel pain in the chest along with accompanying weakness. People can find out about the existence of this disease through regular visits to the doctor's office. They can get tests like ECG done. It's also important that the patients monitor his pulse which can only reveal the existence of this condition.
If you thing you have any symptoms of atrial fibrillation, make an appointment to meet your doctor. It should be able to tell you if your symptoms are caused by this disease.
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Do you know about - Albuterol nebulizer treatment
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How is Albuterol nebulizer treatment
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Causes Of Afib - Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Ablation - Understand Causes, Symptoms, Treatment.
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How is Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Ablation - Understand Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
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Learn more at bit.ly What is atrial fibrillation? Dr. Steven Hao, of CPMC San Francisco, explains atrial fibrillation as well as treatment options including heart ablation. Atrial Fibrillation causes and symptoms. Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is also known as cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm). It may cause palpitations, fainting, chest pain, or congestive heart failure. Now you know health video.
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Causes Of Afib - Atrial Fibrillation - Ayurvedic Herbal Treatment
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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a condition in which the upper two chambers of the heart, called the atria, beat chaotically and irregularly, resulting in an irregular and often rapid heart rate that causes poor blood flow to the body. The heart rate in AF may range from 100 to 175 beats a minute. Common symptoms include palpitations, weakness, light-headedness, confusion, breathlessness and chest pain. AF can be either sporadic, in which case it is called paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, or chronic. Possible causes of AF include high blood pressure; heart attacks; previous heart, lung or metabolic diseases; viral infections; sleep apnea; or exposure to stimulants such as medications, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol. Old age, a family history, a history of heart and other chronic conditions, and alcohol use are risk factors for AF. Atrial flutter is very much similar to AF with respect to symptoms, causes and risk factors, but the heart rate in this condition is much slower.
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How is Atrial Fibrillation - Ayurvedic Herbal Treatment
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The conventional treatment of AF is aimed at cardioversion - attempting to reset the heart rhythm back to normal - either with medicines, electric shock or surgery. Ayurvedic treatment for AF is indicated for those patients in whom conventional methods have not been successful or are not possible. The Ayurvedic treatment of AF is aimed at reducing or normalizing the heart rate, preventing recurrence and preventing complications like stroke and heart failure.
In order to reduce the heart rate, medicines like Bruhat-Vat-Chintamani, Maha-Laxmi-Vilas-Ras, Laxmi-Vilas-Ras, Suvarna-Bhasma, Abhrak-Bhasma and Shrung-Bhasma are used. These medicines are given in combination with herbal medicines which act on the heart muscle, such as Arjun (Terminalia arjuna), Tankan (Purified borax), Guggulu (Commiphora mukul), Draksha (Vitis vinifera), Triphala (Three fruits), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa), Khurasani-ova (Hyoscymus niger), Apamarga (Achyranthus aspera), Sarpagandha (Rauwolfia serpentina), Pippalimool (Piper longum) and Pushkarmool (Inula racemosa). The above mentioned medicines also help to reduce high blood pressure and normalize heart and lung pathology, to the extent possible with medicines.
Medicines like Triphala (Three fruits), Trikatu (Three pungent herbs), Marich (Piper nigrum), Chitrak (Plumbago zeylanica), Bhallatak (Semicarpus anacardium), Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) and Harmal (Paganum harmala) are used to prevent or reduce the risk of blood clots and strokes. These medicines also act on the heart and normalize irregular heartbeat. Once the symptoms are controlled, medicines like Bruhat-Vat-Chintamani, Shrung-Bhasma, Chandrakala-Ras and Kamdudha-Ras can be given on a long term basis to prevent recurrence of AF.
Patients with AF need to adopt a healthy lifestyle and eat healthy food with a reduced salt intake. Cessation of smoking and avoiding alcohol is very important. Caution needs to be exercised when taking over-the-counter medications. Regular exercise and relaxation techniques need to be adopted. All such patients should be under the regular care and supervision of a Cardiologist.
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Causes Of Afib - Common Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation
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Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), it kills about 600,000 Americans per annum. But just like cancer, there are many different types of heart disease. Some prevent blood from flowing freely to and from the heart, while others affect the organ itself. A cardiac arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that can cause chest pain, fainting, palpitations, or heart failure. The most common one is called atrial fibrillation.
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How is Common Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation
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Also known as AF or A-fib, the dysfunction can be difficult to detect, since symptoms are inconsistent and may not appear at all. The only surefire way to confirm it is with an electrocardiogram (EKG), which is typically only ordered for patients who experience severe symptoms.
Why is it dangerous?
Most people who suffer from atrial fibrillation complain of rapid heart rate, also called tachycardia. The condition can be extremely serious when a person's resting heart rate exceeds its normal range. This means the heart is working harder than it should be. Like any other muscle, if the heart is overworked, it will eventually wear down. The strain that is produced by protracted palpitations or tachycardia can occasionally result in angina, heart failure, or stroke. In fact, the risk of stroke can be up to seven times higher for people who suffer from AF.
While it is serious in its own right, atrial fibrillation is often linked to other heart diseases or conditions. There are documented cases where it has occurred in otherwise healthy hearts, but more often than not sufferers also have high blood pressure (hypertension), coronary artery disease, or congenital heart disease. Like most other cardiac issues, the risk of developing AF increases with age. According to the results of a recent study, about 8 percent of octogenarians have the disease. The good news is that it can often be treated without surgery.
Medication
The older we get, the weaker our hearts get. Like every other organ or muscle, the heart becomes more susceptible to strain or injury, which is why AF patients have a much higher risk of stroke. If their irregularly rapid heartbeat is not slowed, the organ will weaken and shutdown. As a result, the primary goals of all AF treatments are to prevent stroke and to promote circulatory stability. These goals can often be achieved with the right combination of over-the-counter and prescription medications.
Anticoagulants
As the name suggest, these drugs prevent coagulation or clotting of the blood, which helps keep arteries open. Depending on their age and their risk of stroke, doctors typically prescribe or recommend aspirin, warfarin, or heparin for patients with atrial fibrillation. Older patients often require more expensive and sophisticated prescription meds, while younger ones may be able to manage their condition with aspirin.
Rate Control
Because it is the most serious risk for AF sufferers, stroke is often addressed first. But when it comes to managing daily symptoms, doctors must deal with the actual arrhythmia. Chest discomfort, anxiety, palpations, and difficulty exercising are all common AF symptoms; and the only way that they can be alleviated is to regulate the heart rate. This typically means slowing it down to a rate that is much closer to normal.
The medications that are used to control heart rate are far more sophisticated and expensive than those that are used to prevent blood clotting. Most are designed specifically for the management of cardiac arrhythmias and must be prescribed by a doctor. Here is a short list with brief descriptions of the most popular drugs that are used to control heart rhythm and rate.
Beta Blockers
In layman's language, these meds block or at least diminish the effect stress hormones like adrenaline have on the heart. The less stressed out or nervous we are, the less rapidly our hearts will beat. The most popular beta blockers prescribed to patients with AF are atenolol, nebivolol, metoprolol, and bisoprolol.
Cardioversion
For patients who do not want or cannot afford to take pills for the rest of their lives, there are a few noninvasive procedures that may be able to correct their cardiac arrhythmia in short order. As you might expect, electrical cardioversion uses DC electrical shock to restore the organ to its regular, natural heart rhythm and rate. Chemical cardioversion, on the other hand, is completed with drugs, such as dronedarone and propafenone, but they do not have to be taken every day. A short, intense regimen of powerful prescription medications may be enough to correct an irregular heartbeat.
Unless it is ignored, atrial fibrillation is not a deadly disease. With the help of an experienced physician and the right prescription medications, AF patients can live long, healthy lives.
The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for medical advice. All medical information presented should be discussed with your healthcare professional. Remember, the failure to seek timely medical advice can have serious ramifications. We urge you to discuss any current health related problems you are experiencing with a healthcare professional immediately.
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Common Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation (with Great Articles)
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Causes Of Afib - Atrial Fibrillation Treatment - What Are My Options?
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Some of you may have heard that afib is common, comes with age, and is harmless. Not necessarily true. Clots can form in the heart from atrial fibrillation which can lead to a stroke. Afib may start as happening only every so often, but it usually leads to more episodes, which may lead to a more permanent episode (i.e. occurring all the time). The irregularity in the heart rate can cause you to be symptomatic. And there are some studies that are looking at a link between afib and heart failure.
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How is Atrial Fibrillation Treatment - What Are My Options?
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So atrial fibrillation is not something take lightly and it should be managed by your doctor. No doubt, if your doctor has diagnosed you with atrial fibrillation he or she has already started you on some drug treatment. The most common would be a blood thinner to prevent a clot from forming in the heart and thus reducing the potential for a stroke.
When a patient is in atrial fibrillation, their heart is very irregular and sometimes can race at a rate of between 100 and 130 or higher. In some patients this came make them feel symptomatic. If the you are one of these patients and feel symptoms from the atrial fibrillation, your doctor may prescribe rate or rhythm control drugs. As the names suggest, these meds try to control the irregular and rapid rates of your heart. Though useful in controlling the heart, some patients don't like them because of the side affects associated with them.
Additionally, since the drugs slow the heart rate down, there's a chance of the heart going too slow. To counter this effect of drug treatment a pacemaker is sometimes implanted to ensure that your heart is beating at an appropriate level.
Another option available is an afib ablation. Unlike the medication therapy, this option tries to cure the atrial fibrillation. The procedure takes place at the hospital and is relatively simple. The only pain you would feel is after the procedure (you are usually asleep during the ablation), where the instruments used in the procedure (catheters) were inserted into your body. These instruments are small enough to fit in your blood vessels and are usually inserted in the groin area.
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Causes Of Afib - What You Should Know About Atrial Fibrillation Treatment
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Atrial Fibrillation is an emergency medical condition characterized by irregular and usually rapid heart rhythm. It primarily affects the atria, which are the 2 upper chambers of the heart. The arrhythmia (irregular rhythm ) is caused by abnormal electrical impulses in the heart due to lack of coordination in atrial activity. As a result, Atrial Fibrillation often leads to more serious medical conditions such as Congestive Heart Failure and Stroke. The normal heart rate for adults is between 60-100 beats per minute. A person with Atrial Fibrillation is tachycardic (the heart rate is above the normal range) and could go as high as having 500-600 beats per minute.
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Statistically, AFib is the most frequently diagnosed type of arrythmia. It affects an average of about 2 million in the United States alone though this type of arrhythmia is usually non-life threatening. The risk of suffering from this condition gradually increases with age since 8% of people above 80 have Atrial Fibrillation.
Atrial Fibrillation Classifications
1. Paroxysmal - Episodes usually last for less than 24 hours but could last up to a week.
2. Persistent - Episodes are more recurrent and last for more than 7 days. Medical attention is needed to temporarily terminate the episode.
3. Permanent - There is constantly on-going, and long term Atrial Fibrillation.
4. Lone - Atrial Fibrillation in people with no cardiac or pulmonary structure abnormalities with only one diagnosed episode.
Clinical Manifestations are as follows, though it may differ from person to person:
* Asymptomatic
* Palpitations (most common)
* Light Headedness
* Exercise Intolerance
* Shortness of Breath
* Edema
* Weakness
* Fainting
* Easy Fatigability
During initial assessment, it is best to know which ones need immediate medical attention. Those who need urgent care are the ones who manifest Hypotension and Uncontrolled Angina. Less severe symptoms are the ones mentioned above.
In some cases, Afib occurs as a result of other underlying medical conditions not related to the heart. Some of these non-cardiac causes are Hyperthyroidism, Pulmonary Embolism and Pneumonia. But most of the time, this condition is caused by other heart-related diseases like Angina Pectoris, Hypertension, Rheumatic Fever, Pericarditis, and Coronary Artery Disease. Sometimes, Atrial Fibrillation may take place a few days or weeks post-heart surgery. Alcoholism can also contribute to gradually developing the condition.
Diagnostic tests are performed to confirm the presence of Atrial Fibrillation. Some of these are:
* Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
* Prothrombin Time (PT)
* Electrocardiogram (ECG) - The most definitive, characterized by the absence of P waves upon exam.
* 2D Echocardiography (2D Echo)
* Holter Monitor - 24-hour ECG monitoring.
* Cardiac Stress Test
When treating afib, the main objective is to prevent circulatory instability, thus helping promote proper oxygenation. Cardioversion is the most common initial treatment. It is the process of converting an abnormally fast or irregular hearth rhythm to normal sinus rhythm. Cardioversion can either by synchronized or chemical. The former makes use of a therapeutic dose of electrical shock to the heart while the latter makes use of a pharmacologic regimen. Administration of anticoagulants like aspirin, heparin, and warfarin are also done. Intravenous Magnesium can also be given to significantly increase the chances of successful rate and rhythm control with rare side effects. Other drugs like beta blockers (metoprolol, propanolol), calcium channel blockers (amlodipine, nifedipine), and Cardiac Glycosides (digoxin) are also given to help control the heart rate - thus preventing complications brought about by Atrial Fibrillation.
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Do you know about - Heart Diseases - Causes, Symptoms, Types, Prevention & Treatment of Heart Diseases
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Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease.
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About Atrial Fibrillation
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I. Causes of Heart Diseases
There are many causes of heart diseases. Most of heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage or anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease.
II Symptoms of Heart diseases
Here are some early indication of heart disease symptoms:
1. Leg cramps during walking
Leg cramps during exercise might be caused by dehydration. It is important to drink a lot of fluid during exercise. Leg cramps occur when the muscle suddenly and forcefully contracts. The most common muscles to contract in this manner are muscles that cross two joints. Leg cramps during walking might be an indication of heart disease caused by arteries in your leg being clogged up by cholesterol in result of not enough oxygen being delivered to the cells in your leg.
2. Chest pain
Chest pain is caused by blood vessels in the heart temporarily being blocked up. It is also caused by inadequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle or coronary . The persistence of chest pain would be an early indication of heart diseases.
3. Shortness of breath
Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is the major symptom of the left ventricular insufficiency. People with shortness of breath are four times more likely to die from a heart disease related cause than individuals without any symptoms.
4. Headaches
People see sparkling zigzag lines or loss of vision before a migraine attack may be at particular risk of future cardiovascular problems. Generally headaches do not cause heart diseases but a sudden, explosive onset of great pain might be.
5. Dizziness
Dizziness can have many causes including low blood count, low iron in the blood stream and other blood disorders, dehydration, and viral illnesses. Since there are many different conditions that can produce these symptoms, anybody experiencing episodes of severe headaches or dizziness ought to be checked by your doctor.
6. Palpitations
Palpitations is an extremely common symptom of heart disease. Palpitations are skips in the heart beats and irregular heart beats.
7. Loss of consciousness
It is a common symptom, most people pass out at least once in their lives. However, sometimes loss of consciousness indicates a dangerous or even life-threatening condition such as heart disease so when loss of consciousness occurs it is important to figure out the cause.
There are many more symptoms such as fatigue, memory defects, and changes in skin tone and temperature.
III. Types of Heart Diseases
The heart is a four chambered, hollow muscle and double acting pump that is located in the chest between the lungs. Heart diseases caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage.
There are some major types of heart diseases:
1. Type of heart disease affecting heart chambers
As we mention in the previous article, the heart is a four chambered hollow muscle and double acting pump that is located in the chest between the lungs. Heart diseases caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage.
In this article, we will discuss heart disease affecting the heart chambers.
Heart failure is caused by the heart not pumping as much blood as it should and so the body does not get as much blood and oxygen that it needs. The malfunctioning of the heart chambers are due to damage caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart.
There are 4 heart chambers as follow:
* The right atrium
* The left atrium
* The right ventricle
* The left ventricle.
Heart diseases affect the heart chambers include:
A. Congestive heart failure
Heart failure is caused by the heart not pumping as much blood as it should and so the body does not get as much blood and oxygen that it needs. The malfunctioning of the heart chambers are due to damage caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart.
a) Diastolic dysfunction:
The contraction function is normal but there's impaired relaxation of the heart, impairing its ability to fill with blood causing the blood returning to the heart to accumulate in the lungs or veins.
b) Systolic dysfunction:
The relaxing function is normal but there's impaired contraction of the heart causing the heart to not pump out as much blood that is returned to it as it normally does as a result of more blood remaining in the lower chambers of the heart.
B. Pulmonary heart disease
Pulmonary heart disease is caused by an enlarged right ventricle. It is known as heart disease resulting from a lung disorder where the blood flowing into the lungs is slowed or blocked causing increased lung pressure. The right side of the heart has to pump harder to push against the increased pressure and this can lead to enlargement of the right ventricle.
2. Heart Disease affecting heart muscles
In the case of heart diseases affecting heart muscles, the heart muscles are stiff, increasing the amount of pressure required to expand for blood to flow into the heart or the narrowing of the passage as a result of obstructing blood flow out of the heart.
Heart diseases affecting heart muscles include:
A. Cardiomyopathy
Heart muscle becomes inflamed and doesn't work as well as it should. There may be multiple causes such as high blood pressure, heart valve disease, artery diseases or congenital heart defects.
a) Dilated cardiomyopathy
The heart cavity is enlarged and stretched. Blood flows more slowly through an enlarged heart, causing formation of blood clots as a result of clots sticking to the inner lining of the heart, breaking off the right ventricle into the pulmonary circulation in the lung or being dislodged and carried into the body's circulation to form emboli .
b) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
The wall between the two ventricles becomes enlarged, obstructing the blood flow from the left ventricle. Sometimes the thickened wall distorts one leaflet of the mitral valve, causing it to leak. The symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting and angina pectoris.
c) Restrictive cardiomyopathy
The ventricles becomes excessively rigid, so it's harder for the ventricles to fill with blood between heartbeats. The symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath, swollen hands and feet.
B. Myocarditis Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscles or the weaken of the heart muscles. The symptoms of myocarditis include fever, chest pains, congestive heart failure and palpitation.
3. Heart disease affecting heart valves
Heart diseases affecting heart valves occur when the mitral valve in the heart narrows, causing the heart to work harder to pump blood from the left atrium into the ventricle.
Here are some types of heart disease affecting heart valves:
a. Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Stenosis is a heart valve disorder that involves a narrowing or blockage of the opening of the mitral valve causing the volume and pressure of blood in the left atrium increases.
b. Mitral valves regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation is the heart disease in which your heart's mitral valve doesn't close tightly causing the blood to be unable to move through the heart efficiently. Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation are fatigue and shortness of breath.
c. Mitral valves prolapse
In mitral valve prolapse, one or both leaflets of the valve are too large resulting in uneven closure of the valve during each heartbeat. Symptoms of mitral valves prolapse are palpitation, shortness of breath, dizzy, fatigue and chest pains.
d. Aortic Stenosis
With aging, protein collagen of the valve leaflets are destroyed and calcium is deposited on the leaflets causing scarring, thickening, and stenosis of the valve therefore increasing the wear and tear on the valve leaflets resulting in the symptoms and heart problems of aortic stenosis.
e. Aortic regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. Symptoms of aortic regurgitation include fatigue or weakness, shortness of breath, chest pain, palpitation and irregular heart beats.
f. Tricuspid stenosis
Tricuspid stenosis is the narrowing of the orifice of the tricuspid valve of the heart causing increased resistance to blood flow through the valve. Symptoms of tricuspid stenosis include fatigue, enlarged liver, abdominal swelling, neck discomfort and leg and ankle swelling.
g. Tricuspid regurgitation.
Tricuspid regurgitation is the failure of the right ventricular causing blood to leak back through the tricuspid valve from the right ventricle into the right atrium of the heart. Symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation include leg and ankle swelling and swelling in the abdomen.
4. Heart disease affecting coronary arteries and coronary veins
The malfunctioning of the heart may be due to damage caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart as well as blood backing up in the veins. Types of heart disease that affect the coronary arteries and veins include:
A. Angina pectoris
Angina pectoris occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get as much blood oxygen as it needs. Here are 3 types of angina pectoris:
a) Stable angina
Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress due to oxygen deficiency in the blood muscles and usually follows a predictable pattern. Symptom of stable angina include chest pain, tightness, pressure, indigestion feeling and pain in the upper neck and arm.
b) Unstable angina
Unstable angina is caused by blockage of the blood flow to the heart. Without blood and the oxygen, part of the heart starts to die. Symptoms of unstable angina include pain spread down the left shoulder and arm to the back, jaw, neck, or right arm, discomfort of chest and chest pressure.
c) Variant angina also known as coronary artery spasm
Caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries. This is caused by the contraction of the smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls. Symptoms of variant angina include increasing of heart rate, pressure and chest pain.
B. Heart attacks known as myocardial infarction or MI
Heart attacks caused by plaque rupture with thrombus formation in a coronary vessel, resulting in an acute reduction of blood supply to a portion of the myocardium. Symptoms of MI include a squeezing sensation of the chest, sweating, nausea and vomiting, upper back pain and arm pain.
C. Heart disease also known as coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease
Caused by arteries hardening and narrowing, cutting off blood flow to the heart muscle and resulting in heart attack. Symptoms of heart disease include shortness of breath, chest pains on exertion, palpitation, dizziness and fainting.
D. Atherosclerosis or hardening of arteries
Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart and to other parts of your body. Atherosclerosis is caused by plaques that rupture in result of blood clots that block blood flow or break off and travel to another part of the body. Atherosclerosis has no symptom or warning sign.
E. Silent ischemia.
Ischemia is a condition in which the blood flow is restricted to a part of the body caused by narrowing of heart arteries. Silent ischemia means people have ischemia without pain. There is also no warning sign before heart attack.
5. Heart disease affecting heart lining
Rheumatic heart disease results from inflammation of the heart lining when too much fluid builds up in the lungs leading to pulmonary congestion. It is due to failure of the heart to remove fluid from the lung circulation resulting in shortness of breath, coughing up blood, pale skin and excessive sweating. Heart disease resulting from inflammation of either the endocardium or pericardium is called heart disease affecting heart lining.
Endocardium is the inner layer of the heart. It consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. Pericardium is the fluid filled sac that surrounds the heart and the proximal ends of the aorta, vena vava and the pulmonary artery.
a. Endocarditis
Endocarditis, which is an inflammation of the endocardium is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling on the inside of the heart, usually on the heart valves that consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. It is the most common heart disease in people who have a damaged, diseased, or artificial heart valve. Symptoms of endocarditis include fever, chilling, fatigue, aching joint muscles, night sweats, shortness of breath, change in temperature and a persistent cough.
b. Pericardium
Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium. It is caused by infection of the pericardium which is the thin, tough bag-like membrane surrounding the heart. The pericardium also prevents the heart from over expanding when blood volume increases. Symptoms of pericarditis include chest pain, mild fever, weakness, fatigue, coughing, hiccups, and muscle aches.
6. Heart disease affecting electrical system
The electrical system within the heart is responsible for ensuring the heart beats correctly so that blood can be transported to the cells throughout our body. Any malfunction of the electrical system in the heart causes a fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat. The electrical system within the heart is responsible for ensuring that the heart beats correctly so that blood can be transported throughout our the body. Any malfunction of the electrical system in the heart malfunction can cause a fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat.
Types of heart disease that affect the electrical system are known as arrhythmias. They can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. These types of heart disease include:
a. Sinus tachycardia
Sinus tachycardia occurs when the sinus rhythm is faster than 100 beats per minute therefore it increases myocardial oxygen demand and reduces coronary blood flow, thus precipitating an ischemia heart or valvular disease.
b. Sinus bradycardia
Sinus bradycardia occurs when a decrease of cardiac output results in regular but unusually slow heart beat less than 60 beats per minute. Symptoms of sinus bradycardia includes a feeling of weightlessness of the head, dizziness, low blood pressure, vertigo, and syncope.
c. Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is an irregular heart rhythm that starts in the upper parts (atria) of the heart causing irregular beating between the atria and the lower parts (ventricles) of the heart. The lower parts may beat fast and without a regular rhythm. Symptoms of atrial fibrillation include dizziness, light-headedness, shortness of breath, chest pain and irregular heart beat.
d. Atrial flutter
Atrial flutter is an abnormal heart rhythm that occurs in the atria of the heart causing abnormalities and diseases of the heart. Symptoms of atrial flutter includes shortness of breath, chest pains, anxiety and palpitation.
e. Supraventricular tachycardia
Supraventricular tachycardia is described as rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles, or lower chambers of the heart causing a rapid pulse of 140-250 beats per minute. Symptoms of supraventricular tachycardia include palpitations, light-headedness, and chest pains.
f. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is described as an occasional rapid heart rate. Symptoms can come on suddenly and may go away without treatment. They can last a few minutes or 1-2 days.
g. Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia is described as a fast heart rhythm that originates in one of the ventricles of the heart . This is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia because it may lead to ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden death. Symptoms of ventricular tachycardia include light headedness, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath and chest pains.
h.Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation is a condition in which the heart's electrical activity becomes disordered causing the heart's lower chambers to contract in a rapid, unsynchronized way resulting in little heart pumps or no blood at all, resulting in death if left untreated after in 5 minutes.
There are many heart diseases affecting electrical system such as premature arterial contractions, wolf parkinson, etc.
7. Congenital heart disease
There are several heart diseases that people are born with. Congenital heart diseases are caused by a persistence in the fetal connection between arterial and venous circulation. Congenital heart diseases affect any part of the heart such as heart muscle, valves, and blood vessels. Congenital heart disease refers to a problem with the heart's structure and function due to abnormal heart development before birth.Every year over 30,000 babies are born with some type of congenital heart defect in US alone. Congenital heart disease is responsible for more deaths in the first year of life than any other birth defects. Some congenital heart diseases can be treated with medication alone, while others require one or more surgeries.
The causes of congenital heart diseases of newborns at birth may be in result from poorly controlled blood sugar levels in women having diabetes during pregnancy, some hereditary factors that play a role in congenital heart disease, excessive intake of alcohol and side affects of some drugs during pregnancy.
Congenital heart disease is often divided into two types: cyanotic which is caused by a lack of oxygen and non-cyanotic.
A. Cyanotic
Cyanosis is a blue coloration of the skin due to a lack of oxygen generated in blood vessels near the skin surface. It occurs when the oxygen level in the arterial blood falls below 85-90%.
The below lists are the most common of cyanotic congenital heart diseases:
a)Tetralogy of fallot
Tetralogy of fallot is a condition of several congenital defects that occur when the heart does not develop normally. It is the most common cynaotic heart defect and a common cause of blue baby syndrome.
b)Transportation of the great vessels
Transportation of the great vessels is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Transposition of the great vessels is a congenital heart defect in which the 2 major vessels that carry blood away from the aorta and the pulmonary artery of the heart are switched. Symptoms of transportation of the great vessels include blueness of the skin, shortness of breath and poor feeding.
c)Tricuspid atresia
In tricuspid atresia there is no tricuspid valve so no blood can flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle. Symptoms of tricuspid atresia include blue tinge to the skin and lips, shortness of breath, slow growth and poor feeding.
d)Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a rare congenital heart defect that causes cyanosis or blueness. Symptoms of total anomalous pulmonary venous return include poor feeding, poor growth, respiratory infections and blue skin.
e)Truncus arteriosus
Truncus arteriosus is characterized by a large ventricular septal defect over which a large, single great vessel arises. Symptoms of truncus arteriosus include blue coloring of the skin, poor feeding, poor growth and shortness of breath.
B. Non-cyanotic
Non-cyanotic heart defects are more common because of higher survival rates.
The below lists are the most common of non-cyanotic congenital heart diseases:
a)Ventricular septal defect
Ventricular septal defect is a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles of the heart causing right and left ventricles to work harder, pumping a greater volume of blood than they normally would in result of failure of the left ventricle. Symptoms of ventricular septal defect include very fast heartbeats, sweating, poor feeding, poor weight gain and pallor.
b)Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect is a hole in the wall between the two upper chambers of your heart causing freshly oxygenated blood to flow from the left upper chamber of the heart into the right upper chamber of the heart. Symptoms of atrial septal defect include shortness of breath, fatigue and heart palpitations or skipped beats.
c)Coarctation of aorta
Coarctation of aorta is a narrowing of the aorta between the upper-body artery branches and the branches to the lower body causing your heart to pump harder to force blood through the narrow part of your aorta. Symptoms of coarctation of aorta include pale skin, shortness of breath and heavy sweating.
There are many more types of non-cyanotic such as pulmonic stenosis, patent ductus arteriorus, and atrioventricular cana. These problems may occur alone or together. Most congenital heart diseases occur as an isolated defect and is not associated with other diseases.
8. Other Types of Heart Diseases
In this article, we will discuss other types of heart diseases that can affect any part of the heart including the following:
*A cardiac tumor can be either malignant or benign
A) Benign tumors
a. Myxoma
Myxoma is a cardiac benign tumor. It is the most common tumor inside of cavities of the heart and most of them occur in the left atrium of the heart obstructing the normal flow of blood within the chambers of the heart. Symptoms of Myxoma include paroxysmal dyspnea, weight loss, feverhemoptysis, lightheadedness and sudden death.
b. Rhabdomyomas
Most of rhabdomyomas occur in children or infants and are associated with tuberous sclerosis. It develops in the myocardium or the endocardium and accounts for about one out of every five tumors that originate in the heart causing obstruction of blood flow, valvular insufficiency, and cardiac arrhythmias. Symptoms of rhabdomyomas include palpitations, chest pains, shortness of breath, and nausea.
c. Fibromas
Fibromas develop in the myocardium or the endocardium. These tumors are composed of fibrous or connective tissue and tend to occur on the valves of the heart and may be related to inflammation. Other than seeing or feeling the fibroma, there are no usual symptoms.
d. Teratomas of the pericardium
It is often attached to the base of the great vessels, usually occurring in infants. They are rarer than cysts or lipomas, usually causes no symptoms.
B) Malignant tumors
Malignant tumors that originated elsewhere in the body and spread to the heart are more common than ones that originate in the heart. Malignant heart tumors can originate from any heart tissue. They occur mostly in children.
a. Angiosarcomas
Angiosarcomas account for about a third of all malignant heart tumors and usually start on the right side of the heart. The cause of angiosarcomas is usually unknown and symptoms of angiosarcomas differ according to the location of the tumour. Often symptoms of the disease are not apparent until the tumour is well advanced.
b. Fibrosarcomas
Fibrosarcomas occur as a soft-tissue mass or as a primary or secondary bone tumor. The 2 main types of fibrosarcoma of bone are
i) Primary fibrosarcoma is a fibroblastic malignancy that produces variable amounts of collagen
ii) Secondary fibrosarcoma of bone arises from a preexisting lesion or after radiotherapy to an area of bone or soft tissue. Symptoms of fibrosarcomas include broken bone, pain, swelling, lump found under skin or bone, frequent urination and urinary obstruction.
c. Rhabdomyosarcomas
Rhabdomyosarcomas are a cancer made up of cells that normally develop into skeletal muscles of the body and are also more common in children. They usually have some type of chromosome abnormality in the cells of the tumor, which are responsible for the tumor formation. Symptoms of rhabdomyosarcomas include bleeding from the nose, vagina, rectum, throat and tingling, numbness, and pain.
d.) Liposarcomas
Liposarcoma normally appears as a slowly enlarging, painless, nonulcerated submucosal mass in a middle-aged person. Symptoms include palpation, weakness, limitation of motion weight loss, fatigue, and lassitude.
*Sudden cardiac death
The victim may or may not have diagnosis of heart diseases, and the death is totally unexpected. Sudden cardiac death is a result from abrupt loss of heart function. The cause of sudden cardiac dealth might be a result of coronary heart disease.
* Hypertensive heart disease
Hypertensive heart disease are caused by high blood pressure that increases the work load of the heart. Overtime the muscles of the heart become thick in result of an enlarged left ventricle and decreased blood pump from the heart. Symptoms of heart failure include shortness of breath, swelling in the feet, ankles, or abdomen, fatigue, irregular pulse, nausea and frequent urination at night.
IV. Heart Diseases- Prevention and Treatment
Anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease.
Unhealthy diet is a major cause of heart diseases resulting in the buildup of cholesterol and fat in the inner wall of arteries that narrows the arteries, impedes the circulation and eventually causes heart attacks.
1. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Diet
To prevent heart diseases, your daily diet should contain:
a) Fiber
Fiber can be soluble or insoluble. As we mentioned in a previous article, soluble fiber can lower your LDL and raise your HDL cholesterol while insoluble fiber has no effect on cholesterol but promotes regular bowel movements. The intake of fatty foods causes the liver to release bile into the intestines to break down the fat.
b) Reduce intake of saturated fat and trans fat
We know that saturated and trans fat are toxins causing cholesterol to build up in the arteries damaging the arterial wall and narrows the arterial passage in result of poor circulation and oxygen transportation to our body in result of high blood pressure as the heart has to work harder than normal in order to provide enough nutrition to the body`s cells. Eventually, the heart will fail and result in heart diseases. It is recommended that you reduce the intake of animal fat and increase the intake of cold water fish which is the best sources of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids that can help your cholesterol levels as well as lowering your blood pressure.
c). Diet high in complex carbohydrates
Vegetables, fruits, some beans and grains contain high amounts of plant pigments known as flavonoids that provide healthy protection against heart diseases. Unfortunately study shows that diets high in complex carbohydrate may increase the release of too much insulin to respond to carbohydrates in the diet. The type and amount of carbohydrate foods may need individual monitoring.
d). Drink half of your body weight of water or juices in ounces
If you weigh 160 pounds then you are require to drink 80 ounces of water or juices to prevent the cells in our body to become dehydrated. Maintaining normal function of our body's cells is a healthy way to normalize high blood pressure.
2. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with natural remedies
Beside foods and herbs, nutritional supplements also play an important role in preventing heart diseases and stroke. Here are some nutritional supplements which have proven record in treating heart diseases:
a. L-Arginine
L-Arginine helps to increase the production of nitric oxide in our body, this has an anti-angina and anti-stress effect upon the arteries enabling the muscles in the arterial walls to relax. L-Arginine also helps to prevent the build up of plaque on the arterial walls. L- Arginne taken either orally or intravenously has been found to prevent and reverse atherosclerosis, improving the functional status of heart failure and increasing blood flow in heart disease patients.
b. L- Carnitine
L-Carnitine working with vitamin E will help the body to recover quickly from fatigue. L-Carnitine helps the body convert fatty acids into energy, which is used primarily for muscular activities throughout the body. When working with vitamin E, L-carnitine will help the body to recover quickly from fatigue and combat heart diseases.
c. Lecithin
Lecithin supplies the body with needed inositol, choline and phosphatidyl choline that help to maintain healthy arteries. Lecithin also helps to reduce plaque in the arteries, lower blood pressure and ameliorate angina pectoris.
d. Niacin
Niacin a B3 vitamin, helps decreases blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides which may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Niacin can only be taken under medical supervision because of it's side effects.
e. Selenium
Selenium deficiency will cause increase in high blood pressure.
f. Taurine
Taurine is an amino acid that acts as an antioxidant helping to fortify cardiac contraction and enhance the outflow of blood from the heart. Intake of taurine will reduce the risk of congestive heart failure and arteriosclerosis.
g. Calcium and potassium
Calcium and potassium deficiency may result in heart palpitation.
h. Magnesium
Magnesium helps to improve blood circulation by permitting the muscles in the arterial wall to rest.
i. Lutein
Lutein is one of the carotenoids, yellow and orange pigments found in many fruits and vegetables. Lutein supplementation has already been proven in helping prevent muscular degeneration, the most common cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly. Study shows that increased dietary intake of lutein may protect against the development of early atherosclerosis. It also helps explain why diets rich in fruits and vegetables are associated with reduced risk of heart diseases.
j. Flax seeds
Flax seeds contain high amounts of alpha-linoenic acid that helps to lower high blood pressure and the risk of stroke. Eating too much flax seeds will cause gas to build up if you are not used to it.
k. Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo biloba helps to to make blood less sticky and prevents blood clotting and stroke. Unlike aspirin, Ginkgo biloba will not cause upset stomach and internal bleeding. Also, Ginkgo biloba can improve blood circulation. Be sure not to take Ginkgo seeds because they are toxic and can cause seizures.
l. Cayenne
Cayenne stimulates blood flow, and strengthens the heart's metabolism. It also helps to improve blood circulation as well as the digestive and immune systems. Cayenne contains high amounts of beta-carotene, cobalt, essential fatty acids, niacin and zinc that helps circulatory stimulation, blood purification, detoxification and fatigue.
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Heart Diseases - Causes, Symptoms, Types, Prevention & Treatment of Heart Diseases (with Health & Product)
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